Reasoning Through the Bible

S61 || Jesus Overcomes Death So We Can Have Eternal Life || Mark 16:9-20 || Session 61 || Verse by Verse Bible Study

Glenn Smith and Steve Allem Season 4 Episode 78

The empty tomb changes everything. When Jesus conquered death through resurrection, He didn't just complete His earthly mission - He transformed human existence itself by proving that death has lost its ultimate power.

In this deeply meaningful exploration of Mark 16, we confront the varied reactions to Jesus' resurrection. The women fled in fear. The disciples refused to believe. Even after multiple eyewitness accounts, many remained skeptical until personally encountering the risen Christ. This pattern of initial disbelief followed by life-altering conviction mirrors how many people respond to resurrection claims today.

But what made the disciples willing to later face torture and execution without recanting? What transformed these frightened followers into bold witnesses ready to die for their testimony? Only the undeniable reality of having seen, touched, and spoken with the resurrected Jesus can explain such extraordinary commitment.

The theological implications stretch far beyond mere historical curiosity. As Paul writes, "If Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile." The resurrection validates Jesus' claims about His identity, demonstrates His power over death, and guarantees the future resurrection of all believers with glorified, imperishable bodies. It's the firstfruits promise that transforms our understanding of both life and death.

This resurrection hope provides profound perspective when facing life's greatest challenges. If Jesus conquered humanity's ultimate enemy - death itself - then what problem in your life could possibly be too great for Him to overcome? The empty tomb reminds us that God's power extends beyond any limitation we might imagine.

Jesus' final commission calls believers to share this good news throughout the world, a mission that continues today. His ascension to sit at God's right hand confirms His royal authority, the completion of His redemptive work, and His promise to return as King.

Have you encountered the risen Christ? Has the reality of resurrection transformed how you view your problems, your future, and your purpose? Join us in discovering the power and hope found only in the One who conquered death.

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May God Bless you!! - Glenn and Steve

Speaker 1:

Hey, steve, guess what? He is risen. He is risen, indeed, he really is risen. We saw that last time we met Jesus, who had died on the cross and rose from the dead. The greatest event in human history is Jesus' victory over death. We saw last time he had risen from the dead and the women had seen that, had seen that. Today we're going to get to the last part of Mark 16, where now is the reactions to the resurrection and how all the people around him are taking this news. So, steve, what happens today when people hear about the resurrection of Jesus?

Speaker 2:

Well, there's scoffers today, just like there were scoffers back then. As to a resurrection, they don't want to believe that it took place. We have the various stories out there that the body was stolen, that he really didn't die, that he swooned on the cross and was taken down, which really means he just passed out, and that he later woke up in this burial tomb. Then you have others that actually do investigate it and come to a conclusion that the resurrection is a true story. But the resurrection is central to our faith. Paul even puts it if Jesus didn't rise from the dead, that our faith is in vain. So the resurrection is the central point of our faith. I think people sometimes overlook that. They talk about his death and the payment for our sin, but without the resurrection then we don't have anything really. It's the resurrection that grants us that we're going to have eternal life.

Speaker 1:

What the Bible presents is that the tomb was empty. The same exact body that died on the cross was the one that rose from the dead and became alive again. The word resurrect means the standing up of the body. The Gospels used the word rising from the dead, so it wasn't a recreation from Jehovah's memory, it wasn't some other body and they got it mixed up. None of those things. We saw that and again, the victory over death, as we're going to see, and we'll quote some passages here to show the implications of that. But in the passage the last half of Mark 16, we have the reaction of the people who were experiencing this resurrection for the very first time.

Speaker 1:

There's a bit of a technical question that we need to answer first, I think, or at least a documentary question. In many of our translations, if they do what they should, starting in Mark 16, verse 9, they'll either have brackets or they'll have a footnote or something along these lines, where they'll indicate that in the Greek manuscripts, the handwritten copies before the printing press, there's some distinctions here and we want to take a quick minute to explain this. The New Testament was written in Greek and today we have about 5,800 Greek manuscripts, again, once the printing press happened. Then the world changed because you could mass-produce things and they would all be exactly the same. Prior to that, they were all handwritten and we have again 5,800 Greek manuscripts. We also have many times more than that if we count the early translations that were done in the early years of the church. The church translated and copied the gospel accounts very vigorously from even the earliest days very vigorously from even the earliest days. If we go back, we have again thousands of the original manuscripts in Greek that were copied. And then we have, even more than that, tens of thousands of copies of various translations in other languages that were all done in the early years of the church.

Speaker 1:

The vast majority of those have the ending in Mark that we see in our Bibles. There's a very few of them that stop at 16, verse 8. The question is this very few. Why would we even consider them when the vast majority have the regular ending that we have known and come to love? Well, it's because those very few that don't have it are the earliest ones. There are some of the very early copies that don't have the last part of Mark, chapter 16. They stop at verse 8. The ones that stop at verse 8 are some of the oldest. Most scholars believe that the older copies are better. There's less chance for misspellings and copy errors to creep in. The scholars now have a conundrum. What do we do? How do we conclude? Did the original one end at 16.8? How did this second, ending with verses 9 through the end of the chapter, happen? It appears that the early church fathers were debating this, were they not, steve they?

Speaker 2:

were debating it. One way that we know that they were debating it is that some of these other copies of the 5800 that you mentioned they have left a space in there which would fit the same frame of these particular verses being put in there. In case it was in the investigation comes out that no, these verses should be put in there. It shows that in those copies this debate was going on and that some of these manuscripts were already known that it is something that might have been added by someone else. They provided a blank space in some of those copies to where, if it was came to a point that yes, it needs to be included, that they could go back and include them in those particular copies.

Speaker 2:

So this isn't something that's just recent. I think this shows that it's something that has been going on for quite a while, and the last comment I have on it is it shows to me once again that there's nothing trying to be hidden in Christianity. When these manuscripts were found that didn't have this part of it, then there's a note here that depicts it. Some of the earlier manuscripts don't have this there. Once again, whenever something is discovered like this, it's not covered up, it's not tried to be hidden somewhere. It's made notable and it's dealt with so we can trust our scriptures that we have. I think it's a way to verify that.

Speaker 1:

We have questions like this because the Christian fathers did not do what the early Muslim fathers did, which was gather up all the copies that didn't read the same and burn them. So if you do that, then you really don't have any questions. To answer, the passage that all of these old Greek manuscripts have ends at 16.8. And 16.8 says this they went out and fled from the tomb, for this is the women, by the way, that were there on that morning. The women went out and fled from the tomb, for trembling and astonishment had gripped them. They said nothing to anyone. As we said, the vast majority of the manuscripts we have have the longer ending that we're going to read in a moment, but some of them end at that verse, verse 8. So the question amongst Bible teachers and Bible scholars is was verse 8 the original ending? There's disagreements with some of the teachers. To me it just sounds like. In my personal opinion, it's a very awkward place to end it with women running around afraid. That's just it. Some teachers hold that well, that Fitzmark style. He was very short and terse and possibly it would have ended there.

Speaker 1:

No one really knows. What we do know is that verses 9 and following were held from the earliest days and, again, most of the church fathers. I think we should give them more credit than many modern scholars do today. They were just as intelligent as we are. They included it in most of the copies. However, even in just English you can tell the style's different. It includes some phrasings that's not in the rest of the Gospel of Mark. The Bible teachers tell us that in the Greek. The Greek grammar is a little different in this last half of Mark than in the rest of the book. There are some legitimate questions. No one really knows the answer. What we do know is that the main parts of the faith of Christianity are not challenged by any of this that are in the last half of Mark, and we're going to go ahead and teach it as if we would any text, simply because it's here, it's before us and has been accepted for many centuries to be part of it.

Speaker 2:

Steve, can you go ahead and just start at verse 9 and read down to verse 13? Now, after he had risen early on the first day of the week, he first appeared to Mary Magdalene, from whom he had cast out seven demons. She went and reported to those who had been with him while they were mourning and weeping. When they heard that he was alive and had been seen by her, they refused to believe it. After that he appeared in a different form to two of them while they were walking along on their way to the country. They went away and reported it to the others, but they did not believe either.

Speaker 1:

With this. The women had been there that morning. They saw the empty tomb and they go and report to the disciples that Jesus had risen. It says the disciples did not believe their story, steve, still today. We go around today and tell people that Christ has risen, and some believe and some don't. What should we do when we go tell people about Jesus and they don't believe our account?

Speaker 2:

Being resurrected from the dead is a supernatural event and the skeptics and the atheists the very first thing they do is they discredit anything supernatural. If you're trying to explain to them that your belief in the resurrection, they're not going to believe anything that you say because they don't believe in supernatural events. In and of itself, it's a lost cause on many of these atheists to try and convince them. But if you take it just from critical thinking and things of what's going on in the eyewitness accounts, not only here in Mark but also in the other Gospels, and then follow it up with what the apostles did afterwards and their teachings and the beatings and the persecution they went through and even the deaths that most of them went through of horrific deaths being boiled, being crucified, heads cut off, being run through with swords being thrown off of the walls of the city of Jerusalem, they all went to different types of deaths, still not recanting their stories. What would bring that about?

Speaker 2:

Well, a supernatural event of something of resurrection would make somebody go to that extent to not go back on their stories that they have been giving throughout the rest of their lives and the teaching that they were giving to all other Christians, shepherding them through that. To me that is a bolster of why the resurrection is true, not to mention the personal things that I have of a relationship of Jesus Christ, knowing that there's a resurrection. Outside of that, I think the script itself and the lives of the apostles and their writings that we have and what they've done testifies very strongly for a resurrection.

Speaker 1:

In this account. The women go and tell about the resurrected Jesus and people don't believe them. We go tell people about Jesus and not all of them believe us. What should we do? Just continue to tell. Just continue to be a good witness. We can't make anyone believe. God has to work on their heart. God has to influence them with the Holy Spirit. We tell what we've seen and what's happened to us, and our job is to tell the story of Jesus. It's great news. Our job is just to go and tell and to be a minister for the kingdom. It's their job to believe in God, to work in their lives. Then we have this idea of the resurrection. Steve, I want to ask a theological question. What does it mean to us that Jesus has risen from the dead? Why is it just dying on the cross enough? We say he died on the cross to pay for our sins. Why is the resurrection so?

Speaker 2:

important. As I mentioned before, paul says if Jesus didn't rise from the dead, then our faith is in vain. It's the final proof as to who he was and what he claimed to be. He claimed to be the Son of God, and he's not dead. Like every other person that dies, their bones go back to dust. There's a grave that you can go to and visit and know that they're there. No, so it proves that he is who he said he is, and I'm using the present tense because he's alive, not using the past tense. He was either mad or a liar, or telling the truth. The resurrection proves that he was telling the truth of his claim of who he was.

Speaker 1:

The rest of the New Testament makes it quite clear that the resurrection is key to our faith. If Jesus were to just die, and that's it, then why should we care? If we're going to be basically annihilated, then why should we care if our sins are paid for? But because Jesus overcame death, it proves that there is an eternal life that's out there. This is a major theme of the New Testament. Just a few verses to hold that quote.

Speaker 1:

As Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life, romans 6.4. We too are looking forward to newness of life Now, today. It says walk in newness of life. Because why Jesus raised again? If the Spirit of Him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you? He who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you. It says in Romans 8, 11. So because Jesus raised from the dead, then he can give us life as well. He conquered death so he can give us life. But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who are asleep. For since by a man came death, by a man also came the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ all will be made alive.

Speaker 1:

1 Corinthians 15, starting in verse 20. Because Jesus rose from the dead, it says we all will be made alive, so also is the resurrection of the dead. It is sown a perishable body, it is raised an imperishable body. It is sown in dishonor. It is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness. It is raised in power. It is sown a natural body. It is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. 1 Corinthians 15, starting in verse 42. Steve, all those passages tell us that we're going to get a glorified body, we're going to be raised from the dead. We'll have eternal life. It's all proven. Because of Jesus' resurrection, the tomb is empty, the stone is rolled away and now we have a great hope, a great proof of eternal life.

Speaker 2:

I'm looking forward to that glorified body that I'm going to have. It is the resurrection that gives me the hope for it. As I pointed out earlier that the depiction of Jesus on the cross of the crucifix, that's not the end of the story, and the end of the story is his resurrection. It's key to everything. That's what we should include in our testimony to other people. Jesus is alive. Today we're going to have eternal life and it's proof, because he is the firstfruits of that resurrection.

Speaker 1:

To my listeners out there. What I would say is I don't know what problems you have today. To be perfectly honest, I can't fix them, even if I knew what they were. I can't even fix my own problems, let alone yours. I'm not much help to you, but I can tell you that Jesus rose from the dead. If Jesus rose from the dead, is your problem too big for him? I can't help you. You may not even be able to help yourself, but I can tell you about my Jesus, who rose from the dead. If he rose from the dead and conquered death, then there's no problem that you or I have. That is too big for him. He can handle our problems. Why? Because he rose from the dead. Steve, can you start at verse 14 and read down to verse 20?

Speaker 2:

Afterward he appeared to the eleven themselves as they were reclining at the table, and he reproached them for their unbelief and hardness of heart, because they had not believed those who had seen him after he had risen. He said to them Go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creation. He who has believed and has been baptized shall be saved, but he who has disbelieved shall be condemned. These signs will accompany those who have believed in my name. They will cast out demons, they will speak with new tongues, they will pick up serpents and if they drink any deadly poison, it will not hurt them. They will lay hands on the sick and they will recover. So then, when the Lord Jesus had spoken to them, he was received up into heaven and sat down at the right hand of God, and they went out and preached everywhere, while the Lord worked with them and confirmed the word by the signs that followed Back in verse 14, it introduces this next section, and in verse 14 and 15, steve, who is he talking?

Speaker 2:

to. He's talking to the disciples. What Mark doesn't put here is that Jesus had told them to go to Galilee and that he would meet them there. This is also what the women told them when they came back from the tomb at the angels and said Jesus said, go to Galilee and he'll meet you there. Well, they didn't do that. They stayed there in Jerusalem. Then they were also not believing the accounts that were coming back from the women. Earlier in the verse it says the two other witnesses we know from the other accounts. These are the two men on the road to Emmaus. They didn't believe them that they had also seen it. So there's some confusion amongst the disciples of what's going on and what they should do. Jesus is reproaching them, I think rightfully so, in that you haven't believed these other witnesses that have come to you and told you about my resurrection.

Speaker 1:

Exactly right. In verse 14, he says he reproached them because they had not believed those who had seen him after he'd risen. They didn't believe the reports of the eyewitnesses of the resurrection, so he reproached them. I submit that today he will do the same for us. If we don't believe the reports of those who had seen him resurrected, then he will judge us as people read the Bible. That is, the eyewitness accounts of those who saw the resurrection. 1 John, the first three verses, says we touched him, our hands handled him, we saw him, we heard him. Those are the eyewitness accounts of the resurrection. If we believe it, we will be blessed. If we don't believe it, then, just like he reproached these people for not believing, he will reproach us for not believing as well.

Speaker 1:

What is our application here? Well, he's talking to the disciples later to be apostles, and what he's saying here applies to them. Now we can take it and apply it to our lives, but the immediate context is that he's talking to them. I think that's very important when it gets into these sign miracles, Verse 15,. What is our assignment, Steve? What are we to do? In verse 15?

Speaker 2:

To go into all the world and preach the gospel to all creation. The gospel means good news. The gospel that we are to preach includes the resurrection. I think Paul puts that the right way over in 1 Corinthians, chapter 15, that Jesus died according to the scriptures, was buried according to the scriptures and resurrected according to the scriptures. That's the gospel that we need to tell and it's to tell to all creation, everybody that we know we should be a witness for this resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Speaker 1:

We should all be a witness. We should all play a part in getting out the message of Jesus. What we're not going to all do is all be the same ministry. We're not all a mouth, we're not all hands, we're not all feet. So we have different ministries that we do. We have different gifts and talents and we should exercise those. We're not all public speakers, we're not all helpers, but we should all play a part. Then we have in verse 16, it talks about let me read that again he who has believed and has been baptized shall be saved, but the one who has disbelieved shall be condemned. Since this mentions baptism, it mentions a behavior. Then of course there's controversy around it. Human beings being what we are, we're always looking for something to do, some religious ritual, rite or sacrament, so we can feel like we've done something, and we go around holding others to our favorite behaviors. This is one of those passages. Steve does it not say right here he who has believed and has been baptized. So is that making baptism a requirement?

Speaker 2:

for salvation. We've gone through this several times, as we've gone through Mark. Baptized means to be immersed, and I think this is a throwback to when James and John came to Jesus and said Lord, whenever you come into your kingdom, can we sit on your right and your left? Jesus's question to them was are you capable of being baptized or being immersed in what I'm going to go through? And their reply was yes, lord, we are very capable and willing to be baptized or immersed in what you're going through. I think that that's more of the frame of mind of what's being written here when it says those who believe and have been immersed in the belief of Jesus Christ, of who he is, what he's done, the resurrection and all of that, shall be saved. I think it's talking about faith, being immersed in the faith, the true, firmly persuaded belief of Jesus and who he is. I believe that that's what it's talking about here.

Speaker 1:

In this sentence, verse 16, the grammar and logic of the sentence. Just in plain language he who has disbelieved shall be condemned. The condemnation which is the distinction between salvation of our souls and condemnation of our souls in this sentence depends on the belief or the disbelief. That's what he's saying here. The implication in this passage is that all who believe will get baptized. Again, if it's baptized into a full, immersed into Jesus Christ, as opposed to a water baptism. I can hold to that.

Speaker 1:

But even if it were talking about water baptism, then the logic of the sentence hinges on belief or disbelief, not on the water baptism. We can't logically say from this verse that those who are believed but are not baptized are lost. It doesn't say that and it doesn't mean that the hinge point of the condemnation or the salvation is on the belief. Theoretically, there could be somebody out there that had true faith but wasn't baptized. But the sentence implies that if you have faith, then you're going to be baptized. I would submit that if somebody's out there that says, yes, I have faith in Jesus Christ, I'm a follower of his, but I'm not going to get baptized, something's wrong. Something's wrong there, because anybody that does want to follow Christ is going to do what he commands us to do, which is water baptism. Nevertheless, again, the condemnation is on the disbelief. There's nothing in here that says, oh, you can believe, but if you're not water baptized, then you're not saved. Doesn't say that Doesn't mean that. It would also contradict the vast quantity of other passages in the New Testament that tell us that we're saved by faith, namely, quote he that believes on the Son has everlasting life, and he that believes not the Son shall not see life. John 3.36. Again, very plain the eternal life hinges on belief. Quote Abraham believed God and it was counted as righteousness. And it was counted as righteousness. It says that in three places in the Bible Genesis 15.6, galatians 3.6, romans 4.3, and all those places it's belief is where we get righteousness, which is salvation. It's the point of belief. That's the exact point he's making in Galatians 3 and Romans 4. And then quote the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe, Galatians 3.22. If someone obeys Christ in all behaviors, including baptism, but doesn't believe, they're not saved. Let me say that again If someone obeys Christ, even to the point of water baptism, but doesn't really have faith, according to all these passages, including this one in Mark, you're not saved. And, at the same time, nowhere does it say that if you believe and are not baptized, you're not saved. Therefore, it's the belief of what you're saved and not the water baptism, and the Bible makes that abundantly clear, and it's only people that want to do some legalism that really points to water baptism as essential.

Speaker 1:

Verses 17 and 18, jesus starts speaking of signs, and he talks about the signs of the apostle. Starts speaking in here, casting out demons, speaking with tongues, picking up snakes and drinking poison. One of the places we can show that this is not a categorical one is simply because it says they will speak with new tongues at the end of verse 17. Well over in 1 Corinthians 12.30, paul is asking a rhetorical question do all speak in tongues? The context of what he's saying there is that they don't. Not all are apostles, not all are teachers, not all speak in tongues, according to 1 Corinthians 12. And so therefore, whatever this means, it's not saying that every single person is going to speak in a foreign language or a heavenly language.

Speaker 1:

The reality is that, if we just look at history and look at those around us, christians have died from their last disease Every Christian in fact everyone that's died has died from their last disease. It says in here they will lay hands on the sick and they will recover. Nevertheless, everyone dies of their last disease. If someone is claiming this as a guarantee of healing and a guarantee of immunity from snakebites and a guarantee of immunity from poison, then it would have to mean that no Christian ever in the history has ever died from a snakebite or from poisoning, which is just flatly not true. It would also mean that if again, they lay hands on the sick and they will recover, we'll go empty out every hospital. If you're not doing that, then you're sinning. It has to mean something else, does it not? Steve.

Speaker 2:

Well, as I look at this list here, glenn, I haven't done any of these things. I'm a believer, I'm a firm believer. So I do think that this is really talking about the apostles that it's depicting here. They're the ones that had the attesting signs of who they were. The attesting miracles. That's what that word signs there attesting miracles. We see that depicted in the Acts and we also see it depicted in some of their letters that they wrote back to the others. It also says will accompany those who have believed, which kind of makes me think that Jesus is talking about his apostles and the class that is there that he's talking about. Do I think that categorically, anyone who believes are going to be able to do any or all of these things? Well, god can work through people and the Holy Spirit can do great things through people. But I don't think it's a litmus test to whether or not someone is a believer or not, because, as I said before, I've done none of these things, but yet I'm a firm believer.

Speaker 1:

There is a relatively small sect of people that are known as snake handlers that handle venomous snakes, and they take this exact passage and say see, the Bible guarantees that we're not going to be harmed by poisonous snakebites. I would just submit that the ones of them that had enough faith in that but yet died from snakebites leads me to believe that it's not a good idea to go handling venomous snakes. I trust that you will not either. Lastly, the end of verse 19 in this passage, I think, has a much greater implication and lesson for us. It says there that Jesus sat down at the right hand of God. Steve, what is the significance of Jesus rising from the dead and then sitting at the right hand of God, as you've?

Speaker 2:

pointed out many times, glenn, throughout our studies that in the court, the king's throne room, the only ones that sit are other royalty. Everyone else stands. I think that Jesus being depicted here as sitting at God's right hand first of all shows that he is the Son of God. Second thing I think it depicts is that the work and the purpose that he came for it's a sign that it's finished and that he has sat down, he is resting, he's at the right hand of God. The last thing that I think it depicts is that this isn't the kingdom that he has promised to bring about of the Messiah.

Speaker 2:

I think that's still a kingdom that is coming in the future In other texts that we have, where Jesus once again rises from this position where he's at and he comes back to rescue Israel from the nations that are attacking them and to rule from Jerusalem once again. That's clearly depicted in Zechariah and the other prophets from what we call the Old Testament. I think at least those three things are depicted here by Jesus sitting down at the right hand of God. What do you think?

Speaker 1:

I think as well. I agree with you. Sitting at the right hand of the Father is a sign of royalty, a sign of glory. He's the heir to the throne, he is the prominent one. The only one that sits in a throne room is royalty. I also am reminded of in Acts 7.56, stephen. As he's stoned to death, he says I can see Jesus at the right hand of God. So that is the glorious thing. Here we have a victorious Lord. He was victory over death and he is now in the throne room of God. He is going to come back and he's conquered death so we can have eternal life. Any of you that have made it this far through our study of Mark and haven't given your life to Christ, then I think now would be the time.

Speaker 2:

We thank you so much for following along with us as our study of Mark. We hope that you sincerely have enjoyed it. We also invite you to go and look at our other studies that we've done in other books of the Bible. You can go to our website, ReasoningThroughhebiblecom, go to our book series from the drop-down menu at the top and select any of the books that we have gone through. And also keep up with us, because we're going to continue going through all of the books of the Bible and we hope that you would join us there. You can also find our resource page. We have things there that you can do to teach these lessons to other people and do just what Jesus has for our believers is to proclaim the gospel to all creation. We thank you so much for watching and listening. May God bless you.

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